The problem of poverty already really popular like the frightening virus and menggorogoti sendi—sendi the life of humankind. Not few people who are casualties, the injury or die, because of being hungry, or because of jostling in the queue am waiting for the allocation of the rice, sembako or the activity divides money into parts, .baik that is carried out by the government, private enterprise and groups care. Apparently still cannot change the community's habit, better, in fact cause the economic gap in the community. Poverty not only is measured from the income per capita the inhabitants, but also include the attitude and the behaviour, the sensitivity and the instability of the person or a group of good person of the man and the woman to become poor, and the limitations of the community's poor access in the public's policy formulation that has an impact on their life. Therefore, the solution to the problem of poverty could be no longer carried out by the government personally through various sectoral policies that are focussed, the uniform and am short-term. The solution to the problem of poverty must be based on the understanding of the community's poor voice personally and the existence of respect, the protection and the fulfilment for their basic rights, that is The social right, the culture, economics and politics. In Indonesia, the problem of poverty also increasingly urgent to c67 be handled, the economic crisis that happens since July 1997 nationally brings the impact of the negative for the life of the community, like Two stages. The first stage is paid on June 16 2008 as big as Rupiah 300 thousand (June-August), and the second stage Rupiah. 400 thousand/September-December 2008… (read the East Kalimantan Stand, the edition in June 2008). From this data above, show that evidently the poverty figure that ought to be expected to descend, precisely experiences the rise in general 1.7 % during the last 3 years (2005-2008). In other words that the long paradigm the community does not yet change, as a result create the dependence in the community
Whereas many prpgram that no 0f the control of poverty, among them Direct Help of the Community (BLT) that currently while being completed by this BLT data of the recipient's candidate, but beside the long-term effect, precisely educate or have an impact negative because of being not followed by the management or empowerment social.
East Kalimantan, where being seen from results of the recipient's data collection BLT in 2008, the increase happen 59,248 families lack or increase by 25, 8 percent for the last three years. Last 2005 have a basis the data gakin that is launched by the statistical Central Committee (BPS) East Kalimantan, the number gakin the recipient BLT of only 169,346 KK. This Time jump to 228,594 families. Hundreds of thousands of gakin that will meet BLT as big as Rupiah 700 thousand, is divided into two stages. The first stage is paid on June 16 2008 as big as Rupiah 300 thousand (June-August), and the second stage Rupiah. 400 thousand/September-December 2008… (read the East Kalimantan Stand, the edition in June 2008). From this data above, show that evidently the poverty figure that ought to be expected to descend, precisely experiences the rise in general 1.7 % during the last 3 years (2005-2008). In other words that the long paradigm the community does not yet change, as a result create the dependence in the community.
Various control programs of poverty passed by, but often do not yet show significant positive results, in fact more that is partial, sectoral and charity in fact often face the condition that is not more beneficial for example to be wrong the target, the social creation of fragmentation seeds and weaken the values of social capital available in the community (carry royong, the conference, keswadayaan etc.). The weakness the social value of capital in turn also pushes the shift in the change in the behaviour of the community that increasingly far from the spirit of autonomy, togetherness and the interest to overcome his problem in a bersama. manner. PNPM (the National Program Empowerment of the Community) PNPM is the control program of poverty of the continuation from the program P2KP (1999-2007). Currently change the name becomes the National Program Empowerment of the Community (PNPM). In principle between P2KP and PNPM has the same target, namely the program that for poor is carried out as a government effort to develop autonomy of the community and the regional government in deal with poverty in a berkelajutan manner.
This program is very strategic because of preparing the autonomy base of the community take the form of the representative institution of the community's leadership, was rooted and strengthen for the development of social capital (Social Capital) in the community in the future as well as prepare the community's partnership with the regional government and the group cares local. Since the implementation of P2KP – 1 through to the implementation of P2KP – 3 were at this time formed around 6,405 BKM that is spread in 1,125 subdistricts in 235 cities/the Regency, showed more than 291,000 volunteers from the local community as well as included 18.9 million people pemanfaat (the poor inhabitants) through 243,838 KSM (the Self-supporting Group the Community)
Consider the positive development P2KP this, the Indonesian government appointed the policy to widen the range of the territory and the continuity of the implementation P2KP by allocating the addition of the quite significant fund. From 2007 P2KP become part of the National Program Empowerment of the Community (PNPM) Independent that is guided to support increase efforts in the development index of humankind and the achievement of the Millenium Development Goals target (MDGs). Apart from PNPM P2KP, one of the government efforts in dealing with poverty am giving of Direct Help of Cash (BLT) that is compensation from the rise in fuel oil (FUEL OIL) that his target is the household that is categorised poor according to the data of the statistical Central Committee (BPS).
The difference in the equality Basically BLT more bersipat instant, because help is given directly cash without being followed with the management or not through the process of assistance against this community, only refers in results of data collection BPS for the recipient mafaat, so as to be not pembelajaran for masyrarakat, poor especially. Whereas PNPM gives priority to the aspect pembelajaran critical in the community by following the principle of openness, togetherness, akuntabilitas and revere the values of honesty and the sincerity. The approach that is carried out is technical PRE namely the approach partisipatif from focused group discussion (FGD) to dig up the problem social and the environment to the involvement of the community in a missal manner, fully aim at knowing, determining and solving the problem of poverty in his area. When the community has begun to understand and realise the problem of his life, then the next one will be motivated and wants to gather in meetings. The opportunity like this is made use of by the facilitators as the spacious colleague carry out the socialisation of the understanding how the paradigm that is long with the level of the dependence and the apathetic attitude the community, change to the creative and innovative community. Of course am not free from the role of the facilitator that always loyal carry out the motivation and assistance in the community. One of the activities that is carried out uantuk constructive capital social am the institutional strengthening of the community that currently more is known with the Body Keswadayaan the Community (BKM), as the best representative of the community in helping facilitate and memenej the organisation of the dynamic community, so as the community can change with the new paradigm (realise the problem of poverty from the community, the cause and the method deal with him). Assistance in the community with the process pembelajararan through the cycle stage discuss the community's readiness and kerelawanan, the reflection of poverty, the self-supporting mapping berontasi IPM-MDGs, the formation BKM Planning Partifatif compile PJM Pronankis am oriented towards the achievement peninkatan IPM-MDGs and the Implementation of the control Program of poverty By the Community with stimulan NOT YET by KSM. All that showed adequate results at the same time become the young coconut will be recommended to the National Program or more popular with PNPM. the PNPM Equality and BLT respectively the government program that the aim direction deals with poverty of PNPM-MP am the program that gives priority to the active role From the community (Partisipatif) that revere the value of togetherness, pembelajaran as well as the noble values of humanity universally, so as to create the process from not having the power to become powerful that finally it was hoped could have become independent and compare. Whereas Direct Help of Cash that is distributed to the poor community only alleviates the burden of the community that bersipat instant (now) and can cause kenjangan social, the protracted dependence, at first again many of the community's other members who do not enter the poor category but also get help of the basic Strategy that needs in the movement of empowerment for the poor community to be preceeded with the change in the behaviour of the individual and collective by means of developing the critical awareness. So, the community's group, may not be gazed at as factor the obstacle to the development and dimarginalkan. The poor must be involved in being full as the subject that is placed as one of the potentials that is very important to be empowered and developed to the side of that more go up to a strength social (capital social)
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